Flying-machine.



11. 0. KINGA NNON. FLYING MAOHINE.

APPLIOATION II-LBD D30. 30, 1908, 951,61 5,

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES INVENTOI? "ATTORNE Y8 Patented Mar. 8, 1910.

.L. 0. KINGANNON.)

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 13110.30, 1908.

n a m R 8 m H M M 8s In. 0 RF W n W. am A A n 6 d 0 .w a P WITNESSES L. G. KINGANNON.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED D110. so, 1908.

Patented Mar. 8,1910.

4 SHEETB-SHBBT 3.

km 0 m we Wn m 6 w z WITNESSES ATTORNEYS I L. G. KINGANNON.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION rum) 1:30.30, 1908.

Patented Mar. 8, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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- WITNESSES TTORNE Y 8 To all whom it may concern:

UNITED sTAiEs PATENT OFFICE.

nno covme'row KINQANNON, or swn snr, onmrozanm.

r ny'me mcnmn.

Be it'known that, I, LEO C. KINCANNoN, a c1tizen' of the United States, and, a resident of Seabright, in the county-of Santa Cruz and vState of California, have invented anew and Improved F1 in -Machine, of which the following is a fu l, c ear, and exact description.

a This invention relates to flyihg machines.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved flying machine of the so-called rotary-wing type. In the ,presentembodi-I ment, it comprises two or more, .pairsof wings, each pair being composed of six sepa- .Fig. 5 is'a detail view,

of the intermittent gears.

rate wings. The wmgsare mounted to revolve about an axis and also causedto be mtermittently rotated, so that for a portion of the r, travel, they will be in a plane parallel with/the general plane or, direction of motion of the. flying machine.

' The invention consists in the construction and a combination of parts to be more fully appended claims.

"described hereinafter and pointed out in the Reference is to ing. .drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference-indicate corres onding parts in all the views, and in whidh- Figure 1 is. a side elevation of the flying machine; Fig. 2 isa plan viewofthe'same; Fig. 3- is a sectional elevation, taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2; Fig. 4' is a broken sectional View on an enlarged scale, showin the means of driving one' set of wings; an

on anenla-rged scale,

The flying machine in its present embodi:

wings 4, 5, 6. and 7. These wings may also beconsidered as composing two pairs, of six wings each,.'one-half.of the pairs being located on each side of the flying machine. It; is-to be understood that the number of wings: and the number of pairs may be varied as desired, without departing from thesco e'of my invention. Theplanes land 2, an the rotating wings-may be 'sup orted from ,a

frame-work composed of stee tubing. Saidframe com rises two rallel bottom mam bers 10, w 'chmay 'e united by a cross member 11. Inclined upwardly from the members 10 are'side frame supports 12, 14 and .16.; The upper ends of these srdebup:

ports may united by vupper horizontal be, had to the accompany- I Specification Letters Patent. 'Patentd Mar, 8, 1910, 'App1icatlon filed December so, 1008. seen No. 469,926.

members 17, 18 and 19 respectively The member 17 forms one'end of the plane 1, and the. two sides of said plane may be formed by inclined rods 20 and 21. A rod 22 connects thev junction point of the rods 20 and '21 with the bottom member 11. The rod 19' forms one end of the plane 2. Said plane is constructed similar to the plane 1 and. is formed by side members 24 and 25, which are inclined toward each other, and their junction. point is supported by a rod. 27. Said rod 1s connected at its upper end to the junction of the rods 24 and 25, and at its lower end -to a horizontal rod 28, which may form asuitable extension to the bottom mem bore 10. The top ofthe planes 1 and 2 is formed of canvasor any other suitable material, and the bodies of the rotating vanes are also formedof similar material. A rod der 30 is provided at one end'with a shaft 31, having its upper end suitably. sup orted.

within the plane 2, and itslower en suitably suptported from the rod 28". In or er to'propel theflying machine, I provide. a propeller 34, mounted upon a shaft 36, which shaft is journaled at one end in a bearing 37 supported by the rod 16, and

at its'othcr end in abearin 38, supported by .7

the rod 39, which extends etween the plane 2 and the rod 28; Mounted to rotate with the shaft 36 is a disk 40; adapted to cooperate with a horizontal disk 41, which is mountedupon a shaft 42. The disks 40 and 41 constitute a friction drive, and'by varyi ng the-vertical position of the disk 41, the

speed with which the propeller 34 is driven a maybe varied.

i In order to ,drive the wings, a suitable motor or internal comb ustion engine 45 may be .provided,'which-is supported upon a base 46 suitably connected to' the framework of the flying machine The main shaft 50,

which isconnected to said engine,-is provided-with' bevel pinions 51- and 52, said shaft bein and 54, w 'ich are suitably supported and connected to the frame-work of the flying machine. Theibevel pinions 51 and 52 1nesh with the bevel gears 56 and 57, which, are mountedjtojrotate with vertical shafts 58' and 42 respectively. The shaft 58; is ouralso journaled'in bearings 53 naledat its upper end in a bearing 60, and

the shaft 42 is y'ournaled at its upper end'in a bfifil'llg 61, both bearings being sultably. I connect to the framework of the machine;

A. bevel gear 62.. is monnted iipon the upper end of the shaft 58, and adapted to rotate therewith. Said gear meshes with a similar gear 63, forming a part of adiii'erential gear 64. These gears63"and 64 are mounted to drive shafts 65 and 66, journaled in bearings 67 and 68, which are suitably connected to the framework of the machine. It will be understood-by this construction that the shafts 65 and 66 are to be rotated in opposite directions. A bevel gear 70 is secured to the shaft 65, and a bevel gear 71 is secured to the shaft 66. A bevel gear 72 is secured to the upper end of the shaft 42 and adapted to rotate therewith, said gear 72 meshing with a bevel gear 73, which is connected to a differential gear 74, said gears operating to drive the shafts 76 and 77 simultaneously in opposite directions. Said shafts 76 and 77 are journaled in bearings 78 and 79 respectively. A bevel gear 80 is secured to the outer end of the shaft 76, and a bevel gear 81 is secured to the outer end of the shaft 77. Rotating wings are mounted so as to revolve about the shafts 84 .and 85, which form the side members of'the upper 4 plane of the framework of the-machine- For the purpose of description, the construction of one set of wings, as for example number 5, will be described, and itwill .be understood that the. other wings are merely duplicates of the same construction.

Said construction is shown in detail in Fig. 4.

the vertical members 12 and 14. A bevel gear 88 is pinned to the shaft. 85, and said shaft forms a .core for a hollow shaft 89 having a bevel gear 90 secured to one end thereof. A plate 91, having a central boss 92, is secured to the hollow shaft 89 by means of a set-screw 93, and said plate forms a means of support for the inner ends'of the side arms 96,97 and 98. A similar plate 99,

having a central boss 100, is secured to the opposite end of the hollow shaft 89, and forms a means of support for the inner ends of a similar set of side arms. A shaft 102 is journaled in-bearings 103 mounted upon the side arm 98, and said shaft is provided at its ends with bevel gears 104 and 105. The bevel gear 105 is adapted to mesh with the gear 88 on the stationary shaft 85, and-the gear 104 is, adapted to mesh with a gear 106,

journaled near the upper end of the side arm 98, and provided with a stem 107, upon which mutilated gear 108' and a locking disk 109 are secured. The disk 109 and the gear 108 may be faStened together by means of a screw 110. The gear 108 is adapted to mesh with a gear 112, mounted upon a shaft 114, which shaft forms a. support for the wingallfi. A locking disk 117 is secured-to the aft114 and fastened tokthe gear 112by' means of screws 11.8. It will be understood that by the rotation of means 107, the

teeth of the gear 108 mesh with the teeth of the gear 112 during a portion of the revolution, and for the remainder of the revolution, the disk 109 engages one of the recesses 119, formed on opposite sides of the disk 117, and thereby prevents-rotation of the shaft 114 until said disk- 109 passes out of said recess. A shaft 120 is journaled in bearings 121 upon the side frame 97, and said.

shaft is provided at its ends with bevel gears 122a'nd123. The gear 122 meshes with the gear 88, and the gear 123 meshes with a gear 124, which cotiperates with a set of inter.-

mittent gears similar to those described above, and operates to control the shaft 125 upon which thegwing 126 is mounted. A

ed upon the side arm 96, and said shaft is provided at its ends with bevel gears 132 and 133. The gear 132 meshes with the gear 88, and the gear 133 mmhes with a gear 134, which also is connected by means of a set of'intermittent gears, to a shaft 135,

.upon which a wing 136 is mounted. a

A gear 140, meshing with-the ear 71, is

secured to the outer end of a ho ow shaft 141, which is mounted to rotate about the stationary shaft. 84'. A gear 142 is pinned to the stationary shaft 84, and co-acts with.

the bevel gears 143, 144 and 145, which are mounted upon". shafts 146, 147 .and 148 respectively. Said shafts are journaled in m bearings which are supported b side arms The stationary shaft is supported 'i*1'i-" 150, 151 and 152 respectively. bevel gear 154 is mounted u' on the outer end of the shaft 130 is journaled in bearings I31 mquntshaft 148, and mes es with a bevel gear 155,

which controls the motion of the wing 156 through interlocking gears, such as described above. A bevel gear 157 is mounted on the outer end'of the shaft 146, and co-acts with a bevel gear158, which controls the motion of the wing 159.

A bevel gear 160 r is secured to the outer end of. the shaft 147, I and meshes with a bevel gear 161, which" 9 controls the rotation of the wing. 162 by means of intermittent gears. The side arms of the various wings are further'supported by means of stays 165. A bevel gear 166 is mounted u on the outer end of the hollow shaft 167, which rotates about the stationary shaft 85. Abevel gear 168 is inned to the stationary shaft or rod 85, an co-acts with bevel gears mounted upon side arms 169 and 170 belonging to the wings of the set'4. A bevel gear 172 is fastened to the hollow shaft 173, which rotates about the stationary shaft 84. A bevel-gear 175 is pinned to the shaft 84, and co-acts with bevel gears mounted upon the shafts which are an ported by the side arrhs 176 and 177, of e set of wlngs 6. It will be understood that the o eration of the bevelgears in the sets" 4 an 6 are the sameasthose set forth above.

The operation of the flying machine is as follows :--The power generated in the motor in o osite directions.

planes parallel to the general direction of the flying machine. The rotation of the shaft .50 causes the bevel gear 51 to rotate the gear. 56, andthereby the shaft 58 and the gear 62 at the upper end thereof. The gear 62, meshing with the bevel gear 63 'which is connected to the differential gear 64, causes the shafts 65 and 56 to be rotated The rotation of the shaft 65, together'with the gears 70 and 90, causes the hollow shaft "89 to be rotated and therewith the side arms connected thereto.

The rotation of the shaft 89 causes the bevel gears located upon-the inner ends of the side 102, .120 and 130.

of wings are operating in a similar manner, simultaneously; that 1s, the outermost W1I1g of the side arms.

arms to travel about the stationary gear 88. By thus traveling-about the gear 88, they are inturn caused to rotate and drive the shafts The rotation of these shafts causes the rotation of the bevel gears at their outer ends whichcontrol the intermittent gears mounted upon the outer ends The period of rotation of these gears is such that the wing 126 as viewed in- Fig. 3, is maintained in a substantially horizontal position during therotationof the set of wings from a point above the center to a-point below the center of revolution; whereas; the. wings 116 and ,186

are located at substantiall right-angles to their side arms and there ore travel in the are of a. circle soas to create as little resistance as possibleagainst the air.

' It will be understood, that all of the sets is maintained in a substantially horizontal position or in a planeparallel with the gen-v eral plane of the machine during the revolution from the point above itscenter' to the point below its center, and .the remaining wings are held at right-angles to their side arms.

Having. thus described my "invention, 1'

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters latcnt:'

1. In a flying machine, a supporting framework, a stationary horizontal lane ateach end thereof, a motor supported y the frame-' a shaft journaled between'the members of each pair and parallel to the longitudinal work ja longitudinal shaft at each side 'of v the frame-work, each of said shafts being" providedwithspaced pairs 0f radialarms,.

shaft, wings. upon ,the shafts, each of said shafts havinga driving connection at its end with the longitudinal shaft,-a motor, a transverse shaft operated by. the motor and having a dltferential gear interposed therein and a connection between the ends of the trans;

verse shaft and the longitudinal shafts.

work, a longitudinal shaft atxeac'h side of the frame-work, a 'lurality of series of short shafts supporte .by each of said longitud1-' nal shafts, at equal radial distances therefrom, and at equal angular distances from each other, each of said shafts having spaced radial; hrms, wings journaled between the arms, a motor, a transverseshaft operated by the motor and having a'difi'erential gearmg interposed therein, and a connection between the ends of the'transverse shaft and the longitudinal shafts, 3. In a flying machine, a supporting framework, a longitudinal shaft at'each side of the frame-work, a plurality ofseries of short shafts supported by each of saidlongltudlnal shafts, at equal radial distances therefrom, and at equal angular distances from each other, a motor, a transverse shaft operated by the motor, and a connection between theends of the transverse shaft and the longitudinal shafts. p f In .WltIlBSS whereof- I have signed my name to this specification in-the two subscribing witnesses. I

LEO vCO-VING'ION .KINCANNON.

presence of Witnesses .HORA'OE R. Romnson,

S. WARD."

2-. In a flying machine, a supporting frame- 

